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Guess and check is a method our children are taught when they are in their early primary years. While it is reliable and guarantees the right answer if a student were to spend enough time on each calculation, a school examination does not provide them with the luxury of going through every single one of them. Another downside of guess and check is that it involves an element of luck, as well as how strong the logical skills of your child are. If your child happens to get the answer right in their first or second calculation, then they can move on relatively quickly, but if it involves multiple tries to reach the right solution, examinations and timed tasks can turn into a difficult affair. Continue reading below if you would like to know when and why the assumption/supposition method should be used over guess and check. What is the Assumption/Supposition Method? The assumption/supposition method, also known as the supposition method, involves strategically assuming values or conditions to simplify a problem. Unlike guess and check, which depend on trial and error, this method relies on logical deductions and problem-solving strategies to ease the solution process. The assumption method can be a highly efficient method compared to guess and check, especially since it provides targeted and strategic solution attempts via logical reasoning. The assumption method is best employed when your child needs to: Solve a complex math problem with multiple variables or constraints Overcome time constraints Avoid making mistakes via a systematic approach   Knowing when to apply the assumption method and adding helpful illustrative guides to visualise the problem at hand can make a difference in successfully solving a seemingly complicated math problem. When to use Assumption/Supposition Method? When these 3 key information are presented in the question: 2 types of items and each has a certain value (e.g. could be 2 types of coins of different values, or  2 different types of animals with different number of legs) Total number of items, without stating how many of each type. Total value of all these items.   If these information are present, the question can be solved using Supposition Method instead of Guess and Check method. Applying the Assumption Method When deciding if the assumption method is ideal for solving a question, you should keep these tips in mind. Identify the problem and break it into components to make it easier to understand. Formulate an assumption using logical reasoning. Substitute variables based on your assumption. Apply and solve the assumption. Here is an example of the assumption/supposition method in action: Supposition Method/Assumption Method  John invited 30 boys and girls to his birthday party. He gave 5 chocolates to each boy and 2 chocolates to each girl. If John gave away 141 chocolates, how many girls did John invite? Step 1 Assume all are boys (assume the opposite of what the question is asking for. Eg: Qns asking for how many girls so assume opposite = boys) Total number of chocolates = 30 X 5 = 150   Step 2 Find the difference between the actual and assumed Extra chocolates = 150 – 141 = 9   Step 3 Find the extra number of chocolates needed for every exchange from 1 boy to 1 girl.   1 exchange = 5 – 2 = 3   Step 4 Find the number of exchanges needed. This will give us the number of girls (when we assume all are boys in step 1, step 4 will give the opposite i.e. girls) No. of exchanges = 9 ÷ 3 = 3 (no. of girls) If the question is asking for both girls and boys such as: “How many boys and girls did Yenni invite?” Step 5 Find the number of boys. Since we know that girls = 3, we can use the total number minus the number of girls No. of boys = 30 – 3 = 27 Supposition Method with Penalty In a test, there were a total of 40 questions. For every question answered correctly, a student was awarded 4 points. For each question answered wrongly, 1 point was deducted. If Anna scored 130 points, how many questions did she answer wrongly? Step 1 Assume all questions answered are correct (Penalty Question, always assume the positive that adds value/earned For e.g.: this question: assume those that are correct to be awarded points). Total no. of points = 40 X 4 = 160 Step 2 Find the extra number of points that needs to be removed to obtain the actual points. Extra points = 160 – 130 = 30 Step 3 Find the extra number of pointsdeducted for every exchange from 1 correct question to 1 wrong question. 1 exchange = 4 + 1 = 5 (It is an “addition” for due to the fact that I not only lose the 4 points from removing 1 correct question, I also had to deduct 1 point when I change it to a wrong. As such, I lose 5 points each time I change from a correctly answered question to a wrongly answered question.) Step 4 Find the number of exchanges needed. This will give us the number of wrong questions (when we assume all questions are correct in step 1, step 4 will give the opposite i.e. wrong questions) No. of exchanges = 30 ÷ 5 = 6 (wrong questions) Step 5 Find the number of correct questions. Since we know that wrong questions = 6, we can subtract the number of wrong questions from the total number of questions. No. of correct questions = 40 – 6 = 34 How the Assumption/Supposition Method Can Solve P5 Math Word Problem Sums With the PSLE examination only a month away, there is a palpable tension among students who are apprehensive about the questions they will receive. With time being of the essence, strengthening math foundations is essential to solving problems efficiently and with little difficulty. The assumption (or supposition) method is one of the many problem-solving tools at your child’s disposal, and it

Choosing the right tuition centre for your child is a significant decision, and it’s crucial to navigate through the options with a keen eye. Let’s explore what factors to consider when searching for the ideal tuition centre, and why each aspect is essential in fostering your child’s academic success. 1. Schedule Flexibility Ease of Replacement Lessons: Life can be unpredictable, and scheduling conflicts may arise. Look for a tuition centre that offers flexibility in replacing missed lessons to ensure consistent learning. Availability of Home-Based Learning Options: Especially in today’s digital age, having the option for home-based learning ensures that your child can continue their studies even in challenging circumstances. 2. Curriculum Teaching Materials: Assess the quality of teaching materials provided by the tuition centre. Ask to take a look at samples of their worksheets. A robust curriculum ensures your child is exposed to well-structured and comprehensive learning resources. Additional Resources: Look for a centre that goes beyond textbooks. Additional resources such as practice exams, online platforms, or supplementary materials can enhance your child’s learning experience. 3. Class Size Smaller class sizes typically allow for more personalized attention from the tutor. This means that your child is more likely to receive tailored support, clarification on doubts, and guidance specific to their learning needs. Students may also tend to feel more comfortable and confident to actively participate in discussions, ask questions, and engage with the learning materials in a smaller group. This active involvement fosters a deeper understanding of the subject matter and encourages critical thinking skills. 4. Availability of Trial Lesson By attending a trial class, your child can get a sense of the classroom environment, including class size, student interaction, and overall atmosphere. This insight helps gauge whether the learning environment is conducive to their academic growth and whether they feel comfortable and engaged during lessons. Trial classes also provide an opportunity to evaluate the relevance and effectiveness of the curriculum offered by the tuition centre. You and your child can assess whether the content covered aligns with their academic goals and addresses their learning objectives. 5. Availability of Communication Channels Ensure there are clear channels for updates on your child’s progress, upcoming lessons, and any concerns that may arise. Effective communication between parents, teachers, and the tuition centre fosters a collaborative partnership in supporting your child’s academic development. By working together, parents and teachers can leverage their respective insights, expertise, and resources to create a supportive learning environment that maximizes the child’s potential. In the end, the right tuition centre acts as a valuable partner in your child’s educational journey. By carefully considering these factors, you’re setting the stage for a positive and enriching learning experience. Find out more about what we have to offer here at Matrix Math in guiding your child to achieve excellence in Math!

In Singapore, excelling in the O Level Mathematics examination is not only a goal but also a significant achievement for students. As they navigate through the complexities of this subject, it becomes clear that effective guidance is essential. In this article, we at Matrix Math will provide some valuable tips and tricks for success in the O Level Maths exam. What is O Level Mathematics and why is it important? The Singapore O Level Mathematics exam is not only a standardised test, but an essential step in a student’s academic journey. As they progress through secondary school, this exam becomes a defining point in their academic life that goes beyond mathematical proficiency. It is not just a test of formula and theorem knowledge, rather, it is a comprehensive assessment of their analytical skills and their ability to apply mathematical concepts to real-world situations.   This exam is a benchmark for a student’s readiness to tackle more advanced academic challenges. Success in this paper is not only an indication of their maths aptitude but also a testament to their ability to think critically and solve problems effectively. It has been carefully designed to not only measure knowledge but also to promote the development of skills that are fundamental for success in university and beyond.   In addition, the O level Maths sets a high standard for educational achievement. The exam is rigorous and requires students to have a thorough understanding of maths concepts. Having a good grasp of its concepts will help them to develop a strong foundation in this subject which will create a pathway for them to progress into more complex maths disciplines and scientific fields.   What is the format of the O Level Maths paper? The Singapore O Level Maths paper is thoughtfully structured with two sections: Elementary Mathematics (E Maths) and Additional Mathematics (A Maths). This division enables students to evaluate their maths proficiency across various levels of complexity. O Level Maths Elementary Mathematics Additional Mathematics Paper Paper 1 Paper 2 Paper 1 Paper 2 Duration 2 hours 15 minutes 2 hours 15 minutes 2 hours 15 minutes 2 hours 15 minutes Description 26 short answer questions 9 – 10 questions of varying marks and lengths. The last question will focus specifically on applying mathematics to a real-world scenario 12 – 14 questions of varying marks and lengths, up to 10 marks per question 9 – 11 questions of varying marks and lengths, up to 12 marks per question   Marks 90 90 90 90 Weighting 50% 50% 50% 50% **Note: The exam format presented above is based on the Singapore–Cambridge General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level for the year 2023. Please be aware that exam formats are updated regularly and may change in future years. Therefore, it is recommended to check the most recent exam format on official websites for the most accurate and up-to-date information.** Preparing for O Level Maths requires a specific study plan, especially when it comes to addressing the distinct requirements of E Maths and A Maths. For E Maths, students should adopt a systematic approach, reinforcing fundamental concepts through regular and purposeful practice, revisiting core principles, working through various problem sets, and building a strong foundation. Conversely, Maths requires a strategic methodology, focusing on conceptual clarity, using diverse problem-solving methods, and looking for guidance on complex topics due to its advanced nature. Understanding the weightage of the topics in both sections allows students to allocate their study time effectively, providing a balanced preparation strategy. To build confidence, regular mock exams, timed practice sessions and targeted revision for each section are necessary. The test paper has a wide range of question types, which means that students need to be flexible in their problem-solving techniques. This highlights the importance of a comprehensive knowledge of the topics covered in both basic and advanced maths. This holistic approach not only helps students perform better in the exam but also instils a problem-solving mindset that is crucial for real-world applications. What are the topics tested in the O Level Maths syllabus?   The O Level Maths syllabus in Singapore covers a broad range of maths concepts, allowing students to develop a well-rounded understanding of the subject. Key topics in the syllabus include: Elementary Mathematics Additional Mathematics Number and algebra Algebra Geometry and measurement Geometry and trigonometry Statistics and probability Calculus To master the syllabus, tailored strategies are pivotal. For E Maths it is essential to have regular practice in basic arithmetic, fractions and percentages. The use of visualisation tools and hands-on activities improves the geometric understanding, and the application of the concepts to real-world situations develops a practical understanding of statistics and probability. When it comes to A Maths, the focus is on exploring abstract algebra concepts through active problem-solving. Visualisation plays a crucial role in understanding complex geometry and trigonometry theorems. For calculus, the strategic approach is to emphasise graphical representations and real-world applications to solidify understanding and connect theoretical knowledge with practical scenarios. One of the most important things to remember is that topics are interrelated in both E Maths and A Maths. To solve problems, students need to think outside the box and accept the integration of different maths disciplines. This is especially important when they are dealing with challenging scenarios that require a combination of principles from algebra, geometry and calculus. The best way to prepare for an O Level Maths paper is to make use of resources. Specialised textbooks, online tutorials, and collaborative learning environments provide diverse perspectives and additional support. It is essential to seek guidance from teachers or tutors to tackle difficult areas effectively. Regular and meaningful practice, involving a variety of problem sets, is the key to improving understanding and problem-solving skills across the entire range of maths concepts covered in the syllabus. O level math syllabus 4052 taken from MOE  Tips and tricks for O Level Maths preparation Acing O Level Maths exams requires a good understanding of the concepts, regular practice, and effective study

The PSLE (Primary School Leaving Examination) is one of the most important exams for students in Singapore. It marks the end of primary school education for students in the sixth grade. Of the various subjects that are included in the PSLE, Mathematics is one that is often found to be difficult by both students and parents. Let’s take a closer look at the format, structures, and the factors that contribute to its perceived difficulty. Understanding Math paper The PSLE Math Paper is a comprehensive assessment of a student’s understanding of mathematical concepts and their ability to solve problems. It is divided into two sections: Paper 1, which is composed of multiple-choice and short-response questions, and Paper 2, which is devoted to more complex and open-ended problems. The syllabus covers a wide range of topics, including arithmetic, algebra, geometry, and statistics. Questions are designed not only to test the student’s ability to remember and use mathematical formulas but also their ability to think critically and solve problems. This broad range of material ensures that students have a comprehensive understanding of mathematics. Several factors contribute to the perception of the PSLE Math paper being challenging. The time constraint, the length of the paper, the complexity of certain questions, and the high stakes associated with the examination can create a sense of pressure among students. Additionally, the fear of making careless mistakes adds to the overall anxiety surrounding the exam. The level of difficulty of PSLE Math questions can vary significantly depending on the perspective of the student, educator, and parent. Some may believe that the questions are intended to be difficult in order to evaluate a student’s cognitive and analytical abilities, while others may find the level of difficulty to be excessively complex. While some may think the PSLE maths paper is extremely difficult, it is important to remember that it is designed to test students at the right level for their grades. The purpose is to assess their aptitude for the next stage of education and make sure they are ready for secondary school.   How can Matrix Math help prepare and excel in Math? Amidst the challenges, education centres such as Matrix Math are proving to be valuable resources for students who want to perform well in the PSLE maths exam. Maths education at our centre focuses not only on the content of the course but also on the development of critical thinking skills and problem-solving abilities.   Read more: https://matrixmath.sg/unlocking-success-the-crucial-role-of-primary-maths-tuition-in-excelling-at-psle-maths/ Comprehensive curriculum coverage of Math topics   Matrix Math understands how important it is for students to have a solid foundation in mathematics from the early grades. The program covers every aspect of PSLE Math topics, helping them not only understand the fundamental concepts but also develop critical thinking skills that are needed to solve complex problems. We take a holistic approach to the curriculum, making sure that students are well-prepared for the wide variety of questions that they may encounter in the PSLE Math papers. Practice materials and resources tailored for  Math preparation Practice is the key to success in PSLE Math. With Matrix Math, students can find a wide range of practice materials and resources that are specifically designed to help them prepare for the maths exam. From past year’s papers to mock exam scenarios to exercises that focus on key concepts, students can find everything they need to get the most out of their PSLE Math practice. By using these materials, they will not only familiarise themselves with the format, but they will also improve problem-solving skills and boost confidence in their maths abilities. On top of that, we also provide students with tips on how to make the most of their study sessions. The program emphasises the importance of focused practice, highlighting areas that need improvement. Additionally, we teach students how to manage their time efficiently, helping them to navigate through the PSLE Math paper quickly and efficiently allocate their time across various question types. Strategies for tackling Math questions effectively Rather than relying on memorisation exercises based on repetition, we provide students with strategic approaches for tackling various types of PSLE Math questions. Through guided instruction, students learn how to analyse problems, find the most effective solutions, and explain their solutions clearly. This not only improves problem-solving skills but also instils a deeper understanding of mathematical concepts. Our team of educators at Matrix Math understand how stressful it can be to take high-stakes exams. That is why we put a strong emphasis on managing test anxiety. Our program uses psychological techniques to help students cope with stress while preparing for PSLE Math and during the actual exam. By encouraging a positive mindset and providing relaxation and concentration tools, we help students perform better without letting stress overwhelm them. Empower your children for a future of mathematical excellence While the PSLE Math paper can be challenging, it is important to view it as an opportunity for students to demonstrate their skills and prepare themselves for the next academic phase. With proper preparation, guidance, and mindset, students will not only ace the PSLE Math questions but also develop a love of learning that goes beyond the examination hall. Contact us today to unlock the doors to limitless possibilities in the world of mathematics.

In the exhilarating journey of parenting, guiding your child towards academic success is undoubtedly a pivotal role. One of the many inevitable things involved would be setting academic goals. It can be as simple as “Get an A for your Math exam.” But is it really that simple? Let’s dive into this often overlooked aspect – the art of setting academic goals. Here, we unveil three common mistakes and share the secrets to transform goal-setting into a collaborative and rewarding experience, not just for your child but with your child. Read on to find out if you are making these mistakes! 1. It’s “With,” Not “For” One common misstep is unintentionally shouldering the entire burden of goal-setting. Instead of setting goals for your child, embrace collaboration. Sit down together, discuss aspirations, and let their voice be the driving force behind the goals. This shift transforms goal-setting from a directive to a shared journey. Try this: Instead of stating, “You will spend an hour studying each day,” try, “Let’s discuss how much time we can set aside for studying each day. What feels reasonable and achievable for you?” This invites your child to actively participate in the decision-making process. 2. Setting Unrealistic and Unspecific Goals Setting vague or overly ambitious goals is another pitfall. Aim to establish goals that are achievable and measurable. Break down larger objectives into smaller, manageable milestones. Set up a routine that works. This not only provides clarity but also empowers your child with a sense of accomplishment as they progress through each milestone. Try this: Instead of a broad goal like “Improve math grades,” consider a more specific one such as “Complete all math homework assignments this week” or “Achieve at least an 80% on the next quiz.” This creates clear objectives and tangible milestones. 3. Not Celebrating the Small Wins Sometimes, the grand victories overshadow the importance of small successes. Don’t underestimate the power of celebrating minor achievements along the way. Positive reinforcement through acknowledgment, praise, or a small reward builds a positive association with academic endeavors, making the journey more enjoyable for your child. Try this: Rather than waiting for the report card, celebrate smaller victories like completing a challenging assignment or improving a grade on a specific topic. Offer praise, a special treat, or a fun family activity as a reward for their effort and achievement. This cultivates a positive association with academic accomplishments. Now that we’ve laid bare these three mistakes, let’s shift our perspective and embark on a new journey – one where academic goals are not imposed but embraced together. Picture this as a collaborative adventure, where milestones become stepping stones and celebrations are the fuel that propels your child forward. By making this process inclusive, realistic, and celebratory, you not only pave the way for academic success but also nurture a positive attitude towards learning. Here’s to setting goals that inspire, empower, and celebrate every step of the way!

Is your child wasting too much time on guess and check questions or having problems identify such questions? Is your child having difficulties with headings of guess and check table? Look no further! Here’s a 4 simple step-by-step approach (Assumption/Supposition Method) to solve such questions! How To Identify Guess And Check Question? In a standard Guess and Check question there will be 3 key information:- (1) There will be 2 types of items and each have a certain value (e.g. could be 10 cents coins and 20 cent coins; could be cows(item) or legs(values) (2) Question will give the total number of items but will not provide how many of each type. (3) Question will provide the total value of all these items. If these criteria are met, the question can be solved using Supposition Method instead of Guess and Check method. Supposition Method (aka Assumption Method)  John invited 30 boys and girls to his birthday party. He gave 5 chocolates to each boy and 2 chocolates to each girl. If John gave away 141 chocolates, how many girls did John invite? Step 1 Assume all are boys (assume the opposite of what the question is asking for. Eg: Qns asking for how many girls so assume opposite = boys) Total number of chocolates = 30 X 5 = 150 Step 2 Find the difference between the actual and assumed Extra chocolates = 150 – 141 = 9 Step 3 Find the extra number of chocolates needed for every exchange from 1 boy to 1 girl. 1 exchange = 5 – 2 = 3 Step 4 Find the number of exchanges needed. This will give us the number of girls (when we assume all are boys in step 1, step 4 will give the opposite i.e. girls) No. of exchanges = 9 ÷ 3 = 3 (no. of girls) ———————————————————— If the question is asking for both girls and boys such as: “How many boys and girls did Yenni invite?” Step 5 Find the number of boys. Since we know that girls = 3, we can use the total number minus the number of girls No. of boys = 30 – 3 = 27 Supposition Method with Penalty In a test, there were a total of 40 questions. For every question answered correctly, a student was awarded 4 points. For each question answered wrongly, 1 point was deducted. If Anna scored 130 points, how many questions did she answer wrongly? Step 1 Assume all questions answered are correct (Penalty Question, always assume the positive that adds value/earned For e.g.: this question: assume those that are correct to be awarded points). Total no. of points = 40 X 4 = 160 Step 2 Find the extra number of points that needs to be removed to obtain the actual points. Extra points = 160 – 130 = 30 Step 3 Find the extra number of pointsdeducted for every exchange from 1 correct question to 1 wrong question. 1 exchange = 4 + 1 = 5 (It is an “addition” for due to the fact that I not only lose the 4 points from removing 1 correct question, I also had to deduct 1 point when I change it to a wrong. As such, I lose 5 points each time I change from a correctly answered question to a wrongly answered question.) Step 4 Find the number of exchanges needed. This will give us the number of wrong questions (when we assume all questions are correct in step 1, step 4 will give the opposite i.e. wrong questions) No. of exchanges = 30 ÷ 5 = 6 (wrong questions) ———————————————————— Step 5 Find the number of correct questions. Since we know that wrong questions = 6, we can subtract the number of wrong questions from the total number of questions. No. of correct questions = 40 – 6 = 34 Contact us today to explore how our specialised maths tutoring can help build the problem-solving foundation for your child. At Matrix Math, we incorporate spatial reasoning elements into our classroom learning to help our students understand the concepts being taught and to give them the tenacity to try and try again if at first they don’t succeed.

Out of all the routines you have with your family, is morning routine the one that is causing you or your children the most stress? Mornings are like the battleground of sleepyheads, lost shoes, and last-minute homework searches. As experienced educators, we understand the importance of starting the day on the right foot and the impact it has on a child’s mood and productivity throughout the day. In this guide, we will share with you 4 steps that you can take to establish a morning routine that not only sets a positive tone but also propels your child into a successful day at school. 1. The Power of a Consistent Wake-Up Time: Kickstart the Day Right Begin by setting a consistent wake-up time for your child. This not only ensures they get enough sleep but also establishes a steady rhythm for the day. If your child needs to be at school by 7:30am, set a wake-up time that allows for an unhurried morning routine, such as 6am. This provides ample time for a relaxed start. 2. Create a Visual Morning Checklist: Empower Independence Empower your child by creating a visual morning checklist. Use pictures or simple words to outline tasks like brushing teeth, getting dressed, and packing their backpack. Post the checklist in a visible place, like the bathroom mirror or bedroom door. This not only guides your child through their tasks but also fosters a sense of responsibility. 3. Morning Bonding Moments: Foster Connection Dedicate a few minutes for morning bonding. This could be a quick chat over breakfast, a shared moment of laughter, or even a short mindfulness activity. Share a joke of the day during breakfast or take a moment for a family hug before heading out. These small gestures foster connection and set a positive tone. 4. Prepare the Night Before: Eliminate Morning Stressors Tackle morning stress by preparing the night before. Lay out clothes, pack backpacks, and ensure all necessary items are ready to go. Establish an evening routine that includes preparing for the next day. This minimizes last-minute rushes and allows for a smoother morning. By incorporating these tips into your morning routine, you’re not just preparing your child for school – you’re setting the stage for a day filled with positivity and success. Remember, the key is consistency and a dash of creativity!

Having been in the tuition industry for over a decade, we have had a fair share of interactions and conversations with parents. We have noticed that one of the recurring themes across is the struggle to get the little ones to sit down and tackle their homework. This often boils down to establishing routines. Creating effective routines is a bit like learning to ride a bike – you might wobble a bit before finding your balance. In this article, let’s look at some of the common mistakes parents make when establishing routines and how learning from these experiences can refine your approach to make family life smoother. Mistake 1: One-Size-Fits-All Approach Falling into the trap of adopting a universal routine for siblings, assuming it suits everyone’s needs. What you can do instead: Embrace the uniqueness of each child. Tailor routines to accommodate individual preferences, ages, and responsibilities. What works for one child might not work for another, and that’s perfectly okay. If bedtime routines vary among siblings, consider personalized elements like choosing bedtime stories or having individual winding-down activities. Mistake 2: Overly Rigid Schedules Crafting routines that resemble military precision, leaving little room for spontaneity or unexpected events. What you can do instead: Build flexibility into your routines. Life is dynamic, and rigid schedules can lead to stress when disruptions occur. Embrace a balance between structure and adaptability. Rather than scheduling every minute, designate flexible time blocks. This allows for adjustments without derailing the entire routine. Mistake 3: Ignoring Your Child’s Input Dictating routines without considering your children’s preferences, leading to potential resistance. What you can do instead: Involve your children in the decision-making process. When they have a say in their routines, they’re more likely to embrace and participate in them. Let your child choose a preferred activity during playtime or decide on a healthy meal option for dinner. Mistake 4: Neglecting Regular Reviews Assuming a routine set in stone will remain effective over time, disregarding the need for regular reviews. What you can do instead: Periodically evaluate the effectiveness of your routines. As children grow, their needs change, and routines should evolve accordingly. Reassess bedtime routines as your child advances in school or consider adjusting morning routines to accommodate new responsibilities. Parenting is a journey of constant adaptation, and routines are no exception. We hope that the above helps you in creating a harmonious routine that aligns with the ever-changing dynamics of family life. Remember, it’s okay to wobble a bit – refining your routine approach is all part of the ride!